Definitions for muonium
muo·ni·um

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1. muoniumnoun

   an exotic atom formed when a positively charged muon (an anti-muon) and an electron are bound by their mutual electrical attraction; chemically equivalent to a light, short-lived isotope of hydrogen

WikipediaRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. Muonium

   Muonium () is an exotic atom made up of an antimuon and an electron, which was discovered in 1960 by Vernon W. Hughes and is given the chemical symbol Mu. During the muon's 2.2 µs lifetime, muonium can undergo chemical reactions. Because a proton's mass is closer to the antimuon's mass than to the electron's mass, muonium (μ+e−) is more similar to atomic hydrogen (p+e−) than positronium (e+e−). Its Bohr radius and ionization energy are within 0.5% of hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium, and thus it can usefully be considered as an exotic light isotope of hydrogen.Although muonium is short-lived, physical chemists study it using muon spin spectroscopy (μSR), a magnetic resonance technique analogous to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Like ESR, μSR is useful for the analysis of chemical transformations and the structure of compounds with novel or potentially valuable electronic properties. Muonium is usually studied by muon spin rotation, in which the Mu atom's spin precesses in a magnetic field applied transverse to the muon spin direction (since muons are typically produced in a spin-polarized state from the decay of pions), and by avoided level crossing (ALC), which is also called level crossing resonance (LCR). The latter employs a magnetic field applied longitudinally to the polarization direction, and monitors the relaxation of muon spins caused by "flip/flop" transitions with other magnetic nuclei. Because the muon is a lepton, the atomic energy levels of muonium can be calculated with great precision from quantum electrodynamics (QED), unlike in the case of hydrogen, where the precision is limited by uncertainties related to the internal structure of the proton. For this reason, muonium is an ideal system for studying bound-state QED and also for searching for physics beyond the Standard Model.

WikidataRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. Muonium

   Muonium is an exotic atom made up of an antimuon and an electron, which was discovered in 1960 and is given the chemical symbol Mu. During the muon's 2.2 µs lifetime, muonium can enter into compounds such as muonium chloride or sodium muonide. Due to the mass difference between the antimuon and the electron, muonium is more similar to atomic hydrogen than positronium. Its Bohr radius and ionization energy are within 0.5% of hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium. Although muonium is short-lived, physical chemists use it in a modified form of electron spin resonance spectroscopy for the analysis of chemical transformations and the structure of compounds with novel or potentially valuable electronic properties. There are variants of μSR, e.g. muon spin rotation, which is affected by the presence of a magnetic field applied transverse to the muon beam direction, and avoided level crossing, which is also called level crossing resonance. The latter employs a magnetic field applied longitudinally to the beam direction, and monitors the relaxation of muon spins caused by magnetic oscillations with another magnetic nucleus.

How to pronounce muonium?

1. Alex

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   David

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   Mark

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   Daniel

   British

   Libby

   British

   Mia

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   Karen

   Australian

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   Australian

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How to say muonium in sign language?

Numerology

1. Chaldean Numerology

   The numerical value of muonium in Chaldean Numerology is: 6

2. Pythagorean Numerology

   The numerical value of muonium in Pythagorean Numerology is: 7

References

1. ^ Wiktionary
   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Muonium
2. ^ Wikipedia
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muonium
3. ^ Wikidata
   https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?search=muonium