Definitions for mond
mond

WikipediaRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. Mond

   Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is a hypothesis that proposes a modification of Newton's law of universal gravitation to account for observed properties of galaxies. It is an alternative to the hypothesis of dark matter in terms of explaining why galaxies do not appear to obey the currently understood laws of physics. Created in 1982 and first published in 1983 by Israeli physicist Mordehai Milgrom, the hypothesis' original motivation was to explain why the velocities of stars in galaxies were observed to be larger than expected based on Newtonian mechanics. Milgrom noted that this discrepancy could be resolved if the gravitational force experienced by a star in the outer regions of a galaxy was proportional to the square of its centripetal acceleration (as opposed to the centripetal acceleration itself, as in Newton's second law) or alternatively, if gravitational force came to vary inversely linearly with radius (as opposed to the inverse square of the radius, as in Newton's law of gravity). MOND departs from Newton's laws at extremely small accelerations that are characteristic of the outer regions of galaxies as well as the inter-galaxy forces within galaxy clusters, but which are far below anything encountered in the Solar System or on Earth. MOND is an example of a class of theories known as modified gravity, and is an alternative to the hypothesis that the dynamics of galaxies are determined by massive, invisible dark matter halos. Since Milgrom's original proposal, proponents of MOND have claimed to successfully predict a variety of galactic phenomena that they state are difficult to understand as consequences of dark matter.Though MOND explains the anomalously great rotational velocities of galaxies at their perimeters, it does not fully explain the velocity dispersions of individual galaxies within galaxy clusters. MOND reduces the discrepancy between the velocity dispersions and clusters' observed missing baryonic mass from a factor of around 10 to a factor of about 2. However, the residual discrepancy cannot be accounted for by MOND, requiring that other explanations close the gap such as the presence of as-yet undetected missing baryonic matter.The accurate measurement of the speed of gravitational waves compared to the speed of light in 2017 ruled out a certain class of modified gravity theories but concluded that other MOND theories that dispense with the need for dark matter remained viable. Two years later, theories put forth by Constantinos Skordis and Tom Zlosnik were consistent with gravitational waves that always travel at the speed of light. Later still in 2021, Skordis & Zlosnik developed a subclass of their theory called "RMOND," for "relativistic MOND," which had "been shown to reproduce in great detail the main observations in cosmology, including the cosmic-microwave-background power spectrum, and the matter structure power spectrum."

Surnames Frequency by Census RecordsRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. MOND

   According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Mond is ranked #62903 in terms of the most common surnames in America.
   
   The Mond surname appeared 318 times in the 2010 census and if you were to sample 100,000 people in the United States, approximately 0 would have the surname Mond.
   
   53.1% or 169 total occurrences were White.
   35.5% or 113 total occurrences were Black.
   6.6% or 21 total occurrences were of Hispanic origin.
   2.8% or 9 total occurrences were Asian.

How to pronounce mond?

1. Alex

   US English

   David

   US English

   Mark

   US English

   Daniel

   British

   Libby

   British

   Mia

   British

   Karen

   Australian

   Hayley

   Australian

   Natasha

   Australian

   Veena

   Indian

   Priya

   Indian

   Neerja

   Indian

   Zira

   US English

   Oliver

   British

   Wendy

   British

   Fred

   US English

   Tessa

   South African

How to say mond in sign language?

Numerology

1. Chaldean Numerology

   The numerical value of mond in Chaldean Numerology is: 2

2. Pythagorean Numerology

   The numerical value of mond in Pythagorean Numerology is: 1

Examples of mond in a Sentence

1. Werley Nortreus:

   Tap gen mwens pwoblèm ak krim nan mond lan si moun ta di laverite menm si laverite fè mal.

2. Werley Nortreus:

   Yo pini Ayisyen paske Ayisyen te premye nasyon nwa ki te ede e ki te anseye anpil peyi kijan pou yo jwenn libète yo. Atravè ane yo, yo pini Ayiti pou liberasyon anpil esklav atravè mond lan. Malerezman, se pou sa yo pa vle Ayiti pwospere.

Popularity rank by frequency of use

References

1. ^ Wikipedia
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mond
2. ^ Surnames Frequency by Census Records
   https://www.census.gov/topics/population/genealogy/data/2010_surnames.html